tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-90647802647965460192024-03-12T17:47:35.282-07:00Cascades Carnivore ProjectResearch on high elevation carnivores in the Cascades Mountains of Washington and Oregon.Unknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger135125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9064780264796546019.post-43573867684747428452018-06-05T16:29:00.000-07:002018-06-05T16:29:04.600-07:00Video of wolverine kits at den on William O Douglas Wilderness<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Deep in the William O Douglas Wilderness, east of Mt Rainier National Park, our wolverine mama, Pepper is raising two young kits.</span></div>
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<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dznTgq8TNzomS3r04QVVNV4McW_j7ET0caXbOq62catGZsmFwTrcaAO9N4q-k3gjgxCYWjdJK3WvEL7DcytEw' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>
<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9064780264796546019.post-59971972597213730932018-05-21T08:34:00.000-07:002018-05-21T18:11:25.708-07:00Wolverine kits documented in the South Cascades for the first time in many decades.<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Deep in the William O Douglas Wilderness, east of Mt Rainier National Park, our wolverine mama, Pepper is raising two young kits. See <a href="https://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/environment/wolverine-babies-heading-south-and-researchers-love-it/" target="_blank">Seattle Times</a> article.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Pepper and her 2 kits outside the den</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">On May 16th, our field crew returned from a 3-day
snow camping trip into this remote, mountainous habitat with exciting news. Scott, Kayla, and I retrieved photos and video of Pepper and her kits from the den. This is the first reproductive wolverine den documented in Washington’s
southern Cascade Range (Cascades south of Interstate 90) and the 3rd
den in the state in over 50 years. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhk1ub64Xi3f9mqGlI-GEymq6b6RIdiIvkGast_fVO-DDOF7SfEjkMbI7eBka4uc6icZObIp9kb-ZQMJCWa0l8ixvoDc8cqR4c8gDLnIPYiB19wM25E5qXdh-P-6AeVEdv8M2r2-NdcWwDq/s800/05050053ps.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: Times; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhk1ub64Xi3f9mqGlI-GEymq6b6RIdiIvkGast_fVO-DDOF7SfEjkMbI7eBka4uc6icZObIp9kb-ZQMJCWa0l8ixvoDc8cqR4c8gDLnIPYiB19wM25E5qXdh-P-6AeVEdv8M2r2-NdcWwDq/s800/05050053ps.jpg" /></a></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Pepper's mate, an unknown male, at the den entrance</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">One of Pepper's kits, likely 3 months old today</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">In North America,
wolverine kits are typically born in mid to late February so these kits are
likely 2.5 to 3 months old today. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Pepper displaying her unique chest blaze at a monitoring station</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; text-align: center;">An unknown male, likely Pepper's mate, displaying his unique chest blaze</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Previously, Scott and Kayla, our determined field crew, had gone above and beyond the call of duty to set a wildlife monitoring station far out in the wilderness. The station is designed
specifically to identify individual wolverines from photographs based on their
unique chest blaze and determine the wolverine’s sex, and possibly, its
reproductive status. Here, they detected both the female wolverine nicknamed
Pepper and an unknown male, which we assume is her mate. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Scott and Kayla arriving at the den to check the cameras</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">The crew first discovered the den after wolverine experts examined photographs from the monitoring
station, and determined that Pepper was lactating and thus raising young
nearby. They followed wolverine tracks to the den after extensive
searching. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Scott looking for prey remains at a melted out snow cache - a "wolverine refrigerator"</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">They also followed tracks to several snow holes, where the
wolverines had cached prey items deep in tree wells that act like refrigerators. These snow holes, where wolverines can keep food from rotting, are thought to be one of the reasons why wolverines rely upon snow for their survival.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Fresh wolverine track at our camp</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">During
the last night of the trip - the 4th visit for Scott and Kayla - we were woken to a sniffing sound close to our tents. The
next morning, we discovered fresh wolverine tracks in the snow under my socks that I had hung to dry on a branch, 4-ft from my tent. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Wildy, the first wolverine documented south of I-90 in modern times</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Our goal is to document the natural recolonization of wolverines into southern
Washington and improve our understanding of how climate change threatens this
rare and elusive carnivore.</span>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9064780264796546019.post-72891529401184193652018-05-02T16:34:00.002-07:002018-05-18T12:21:08.259-07:00First wolverine mama in southern Washington in many decades.<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8c22RZDoD63rLwqRQwnSosZyVWM6DUZnht8XoaUkQH-z_68aIOGrL5Rb2YMSh3yFbG0iWbqHnZ2X3ucR-Be32Px4XNMwsoINZkIWsHWPvpW9int75rRQn0B9IKZUpi2rAUf7XQaiD61Rs/s800/04040047ps2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8c22RZDoD63rLwqRQwnSosZyVWM6DUZnht8XoaUkQH-z_68aIOGrL5Rb2YMSh3yFbG0iWbqHnZ2X3ucR-Be32Px4XNMwsoINZkIWsHWPvpW9int75rRQn0B9IKZUpi2rAUf7XQaiD61Rs/s800/04040047ps2.jpg" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Pepper's unique chest blaze. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">In collaboration with the United States Forest Service (Naches Ranger District), we have documented a reproductive female wolverine, south of Interstate Highway 90 (I-90) in Washington's Cascade Range for the first time in a long time. We nicknamed her Pepper and she is also the first female wolverine documented south of I-90 in many decades. We first detected Pepper in 2016 at 2 wildlife monitoring stations on the Naches Ranger District. We collected hair samples from her in 2017 at another station as part of the Western Wolverine Conservation Project. Her DNA was genotyped to give her a unique ID, F37. This April, she was photographed at one of our runpole monitoring stations. From photographs, we confirmed with wolverine experts that she is lactating and therefore has kits (as long as they remain alive).</span></div>
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Pepper’s
belly showing enlarged teats, evidence of lactation.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Our field crew followed Pepper's snow tracks along with a larger set of tracks, presumably of a male, and we detected a male wolverine at the same station as Pepper was detected as well as at a second station in the vicinity. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Unknown male at another wildlife monitoring station.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-size: large;">Wolverines are slowly gaining
ground in Washington after having been extirpated from the state in the 1950s due
to excessive human-caused mortalities associated with predator control programs; however, their distribution had been largely confined to the
North Cascades Ecosystem (NCE), north of I-90. As some of you may remember, the Yakama Nation made the first detection of a wolverine south of I-90, on the east slopes of Mt Adams in 2006. This was the impetus for founding the Cascades Carnivore Project. Now, this most recent evidence of a lactating female
is the first indication that wolverines might be re-establishing themselves in the southern Washington Cascades.</span> And while this is good news
for wolverines and for wolverine conservation, there is evidence that their abundance throughout
the contiguous United States is very low. In addition, they face new threats from by climate
change and increased recreation.</span></span></div>
<!--EndFragment-->Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9064780264796546019.post-12637563189306028182018-05-02T15:42:00.003-07:002018-05-02T15:42:45.246-07:00Wolverines! Not only one individual in Washington's southern Cascades anymore.<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">It has been a busy winter. Scott and Kayla, our main field crew, have done an incredible job getting out to the remotest parts of our southern Washington study area (Mt Adams to Mt Rainier) into the heart of wolverine habitat.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;">We have begun using runpole stations as our newest survey tool. These are </span><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;">wildlife
monitoring stations designed specifically to photographically identify
individual wolverines based on their unique chest blaze and determine their
gender, and possibly reproductive status. They also collect hair samples for DNA analyses. They were designed by wolverine researcher, Dr. Audrey Magoun, who knows more about wolverines than almost anyone else and has creatively designed these stations. </span><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;">The stations are set 10+ feet up a tree so they stay above the snowpack as winter progresses. </span><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;">Additionally, we have added features to ensure the detect Cascade red foxes.</span><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;">They also work well for detecting other rare carnivores such as fishers and Pacific martens. </span><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;">These stations require a bit more up front effort, especially while we got the hang of things, but they have the potential to provide valuable information that would otherwise require live-trapping individuals. </span><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;">Our goal is to determine whether wolverines are reproducing south of Interstate Highway 90 (I90) in the Washington Cascade Range.</span><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Scott setting up the hair snagging device on the runpole.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Wolverine country.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">First wolverine detected at a runpole station by our study.</span></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9064780264796546019.post-74405175950064231412017-10-27T22:17:00.001-07:002017-10-27T22:18:24.615-07:00North Cascades Project<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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We started camera and trail surveys in the North Cascades Ecosystem in September. Here is a little video of our first bobcat in the area. While hiking in to check the camera, I encountered bobcat tracks as well as moose!! So huge!! There are no moose in Washington's South Cascades where we have conducted most of our research so that was pretty neat. I also encountered coyote tracks on top of my tracks on the way out. First snows of the season make for great track opportunities.<br />
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Hiking up into the Sawtooth-Lake Chelan Wilderness.</div>
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A far bit of snow up above 6000 ft.</div>
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Bobcat tracks on the trail.</div>
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Note to self: If I drive all the way from my parent's home in Vancouver, BC over the Cascade Crest and try to accomplish something in the field, I will be hiking out of the wilderness after dark.</div>
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<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9064780264796546019.post-91243993960810282892017-10-09T13:33:00.000-07:002017-10-09T13:33:49.538-07:00Kissing elk<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9064780264796546019.post-36384458355664874282017-08-20T15:21:00.000-07:002017-10-06T16:02:55.637-07:00Special Recognition Award from the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies<div style="text-align: left;">
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<span arial="" font-family:="" helvetica="" neue="" quot="" sans-serif="" style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><i>Slogging through 3 feet of fresh powder. Just another day at the office.</i></span></span><br />
<span arial="" font-family:="" helvetica="" neue="" quot="" sans-serif="" style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span arial="" font-family:="" helvetica="" neue="" quot="" sans-serif="" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">This past winter, I was part of Washington's field team for the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (WAFWA) wolverine survey. The Western States Wolverine Conservation Project was developed by the WAFWA </span>Wildlife Chiefs' Wolverine Sub-Committee as part of<em><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> "a statistically defensible multi-state monitoring plan for states where wolverine populations exist (WY, MT, ID, WA)".</span></em></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">At the recent annual meeting of the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife's Assistant Director, Eric Gardner accepted a special recognition award for the Wolverine Project’s Washington Team.</span></span></font-family:><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In accepting the award, he stated: "<i>In Washington, we did things a little different than they did in Montana, Idaho and Wyoming. We did not hire crews to conduct the project’s wolverine survey because we are fortunate to have a group of highly skilled and very experienced biologists from a number of different organizations that were already heavily invested in wolverine conservation and surveys, and who were interested in helping on the project’s wolverine survey. Given the skills, dedication, resourcefulness and incredible toughness of these biologists, working together on the project was clearly the best strategy for success. Accordingly, this award recognizes their hard work, their boundless interest and energy, and their dedication to wolverine conservation. They are: Scott Fitkin, Jeff Heinlen, Jeff Lewis, Paul Debr</i><i>u</i></span><i>yn, Fenner Yarborough, David Volsen, and Hannah Anderson from WDFW; John Rohrer, Aja Woodrow, Don Youkey, Matt Marsh, Sonny Paz, Phyllis Reed, and Jesse Plumage from the Okanogan-Wenatchee and Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forests; Robert Long from Woodland Park Zoo; Jocelyn Akins from the Cascade Carnivore Project; Roger Christophersen from North Cascades National Park, and Drew and Cathy Gaylord from Conservation Northwest. When you run into these folks, don’t hesitate to ask them about the project; because they have some amazing stories to tell.</i>" </span></font-family:><br />
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><font-family: arial="" helvetica="" neue="" sans-serif=""><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></font-family:>
<font-family: arial="" helvetica="" neue="" sans-serif=""><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">It was a total pleasure albeit a grueling winter battle to be apart of this field work. Myself and field partners, Erin Burke, Scott Shively, and Kayla Dreher deployed and ran 5 camera stations at disparate locations in super remote areas of southern Washington's Cascades. The project ran from late November 2016 through April 2017 through huge winter snows and super cold temperatures. Highlights included getting home at 3am on New Years Day, broke-down snowmobiles, wolverines, mountain foxes, and tons of incredible mountain views.</span></font-family:></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Getting the snowmobiles endlessly stuck. </span></div>
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</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9064780264796546019.post-74340815446725200942017-07-27T12:17:00.001-07:002017-07-27T12:20:38.595-07:00Cascade Mountain School Fox HuntOn July 25, 2017, we headed up Stagman Ridge Trail to Horseshoe Meadow on Mt Adams to meet with a group of 14-17 year old students from Cascade Mountain School. We had a bug-attacked talk about ecosystems, ecological niches, Cascade red foxes, and the fisher re-introduction. There were ALOT of mosquitoes and black flies but also incredible vistas of the snow-bedecked mountain and lush, expansive subalpine meadow full of bright red and pink Paintbrush wildflowers. The students went into the meadow and surrounding ridges to set remote cameras in the hopes of detecting Cascade red foxes into the late summer and fall. I was joined on my hike by my friend, Victoire from Normandy. The trail meanders through the 2012 Cascade Creek Fire, which converted dense, shady mid-elevation Douglas Fir and Western Hemlock forests into bright, hot tinder and dead trees, now replete with the most vibrant and diverse wildflowers.<br />
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Cascade Mountain School students divided into 3 groups.<br />
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Group #1: Courtney, Owen, and Luca chose a spot for their remote camera based mostly on the Cascade red fox's attraction to water, and also because the fox will be in full camera range. They set the scent lure on an out-reaching branch across from the camera so the fox would be in full exposure to be caught on camera. It was also a slightly secluded area so there were less animals that may be attracted to the scent, that way other animals would be less likely to trigger the camera.<br />
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Group #2: Max, Quinn, and Shiah ventured out with scat collecting bags, a camera trap, and some scent to attract the fox. They found a game trail located on the saddle west of Horseshoe Meadow. The area was lightly treed and also near the edge of the meadow. They placed their remote camera in a tree near where they thought the fox might travel. Then on a tree across from the camera, they placed the scent to lure the foxes in.<br />
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Group #3: Clark, Jayvahn, and Oliver placed their camera in a place with many animal tracks near the creek. They believed that the site will have a lot of foot traffic and will eventually draw a fox because of abundant prey and easy access to water.
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9064780264796546019.post-647151537334349452017-04-25T11:38:00.002-07:002017-04-25T11:38:59.753-07:00Large carnivores.Being a mesocarnivore ecologist
(someone who studies mid-sized carnivores), I am constantly stunned by how majestic
and beautiful large carnivores are. We collected these photos of a mountain
lion in December at the beginning of our winter field season. They are the only
shots we received of a mountain lion from our mountain carnivore project.
Mountain lions are just so… plain <i>wild</i>! I've also added a couple of my favorite photos of large carnivores from the archives.
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDQbn1jfF0X0gNvb2VVWEuPSIK2NkMutOB_RLz5sjqoxQCaF7q94-BYZcD-akWUI7GIillAV_2iZsKfJuss6gPSnXNONyhADsy3xtW9qzOccNpcQO_XrZtbLuhjOA-NMWd0zv-d1bnIZR3/s800/20110725+DD06+009+PUCO+best.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDQbn1jfF0X0gNvb2VVWEuPSIK2NkMutOB_RLz5sjqoxQCaF7q94-BYZcD-akWUI7GIillAV_2iZsKfJuss6gPSnXNONyhADsy3xtW9qzOccNpcQO_XrZtbLuhjOA-NMWd0zv-d1bnIZR3/s800/20110725+DD06+009+PUCO+best.JPG" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIWpwrvjOAEalCGmPTAy117O0BsPlPqBeEQNrgjfHQKbQ7yuckIlGYr9d3gqzWQZCVq5w1y1fsPOoLOhTpubfQjwC2kZTvfETfeR2-zDiDuO1tz7WuLjnXcwl4Ntx_Mj5KrfGmN7in59IB/s800/20110801+SH02+038+URAM+best.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIWpwrvjOAEalCGmPTAy117O0BsPlPqBeEQNrgjfHQKbQ7yuckIlGYr9d3gqzWQZCVq5w1y1fsPOoLOhTpubfQjwC2kZTvfETfeR2-zDiDuO1tz7WuLjnXcwl4Ntx_Mj5KrfGmN7in59IB/s800/20110801+SH02+038+URAM+best.JPG" /></a></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9064780264796546019.post-87240299501047250102017-04-03T19:51:00.002-07:002017-04-05T14:54:06.644-07:00Visits from the Cascade red fox color morphs this winter<div>
While red foxes come in a variety of coat colors, or phases, there are three typical colors phases. The coat of a red fox does not change color with the seasons but rather stays the same throughout its year and lifetime. The cross-phase Cascade red fox, is distinguished by a dark band running down its spine and across its shoulders, forming a cross. </div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDSnBMb8VTtl-J4dxD8vLfYoqMfNxNt2LGb4OiZiyFo_R1A-kQK-ysgLHQL5QQhV5eLG_ahS7bDEo06aS8v6OCEEPunfXkDmIzVl9TwJJ2SbaOnOBTevhIHO9Tp00dVZwKeVK_GZgG1hI/s800/cross+fox+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDSnBMb8VTtl-J4dxD8vLfYoqMfNxNt2LGb4OiZiyFo_R1A-kQK-ysgLHQL5QQhV5eLG_ahS7bDEo06aS8v6OCEEPunfXkDmIzVl9TwJJ2SbaOnOBTevhIHO9Tp00dVZwKeVK_GZgG1hI/s640/cross+fox+2.jpg" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgk9sfrOGIBCJUJa5k64KKW1ch4VXqCN44CN_IEULEyUgQg6tp4Lm9z0nN1UDM5W4i1jKw3rV5fDjW4NjuXRY48QDbKswqnujr7RxKvW6mccD2nJNxrXDj4ilIhYLUczQYvBKX2X-9eq-g/s800/Cross+fox+%25282%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgk9sfrOGIBCJUJa5k64KKW1ch4VXqCN44CN_IEULEyUgQg6tp4Lm9z0nN1UDM5W4i1jKw3rV5fDjW4NjuXRY48QDbKswqnujr7RxKvW6mccD2nJNxrXDj4ilIhYLUczQYvBKX2X-9eq-g/s640/Cross+fox+%25282%2529.jpg" /></a></div>
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The black-phase Cascade red fox, also known as a silver fox, is grizzly black and white. This individual was photographed in the Crystal Mountain area.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbWe-mZYEloMV9-Ly5uaanngBwBACgFkUdH5gpVFC8ehpAb6Dh2wt8LZIkcfgnWQj5xl6azrAJwWQlYflpqtllvvORtTjE_uB2TXI_m_rB84I4F0eUMtDU-zajsc6F22D0_hImdOmQfaY/s800/black+fox.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbWe-mZYEloMV9-Ly5uaanngBwBACgFkUdH5gpVFC8ehpAb6Dh2wt8LZIkcfgnWQj5xl6azrAJwWQlYflpqtllvvORtTjE_uB2TXI_m_rB84I4F0eUMtDU-zajsc6F22D0_hImdOmQfaY/s640/black+fox.jpg" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqyWwvNoDvmvS_JjgF7cDVdgdukFmtc2RJSQQBQsyeFOo87GYxpmZH8qgScqbHVX-lmEKHFZ3G9fbKEci1eKKHNY0Mc2K5noCjSKkAGK1XYS-ZdT2qCUNrjoODDYhKtOQRh44JCK4W2Ck/s800/black+fox+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqyWwvNoDvmvS_JjgF7cDVdgdukFmtc2RJSQQBQsyeFOo87GYxpmZH8qgScqbHVX-lmEKHFZ3G9fbKEci1eKKHNY0Mc2K5noCjSKkAGK1XYS-ZdT2qCUNrjoODDYhKtOQRh44JCK4W2Ck/s640/black+fox+2.jpg" /></a></div>
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The better known red-phase Cascade Red Fox </div>
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A night comparison of cross-phase and red-phase Cascade red foxes</div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15723162002690504291noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9064780264796546019.post-72771718015268572952017-03-15T15:06:00.002-07:002017-03-15T15:06:28.845-07:00Deep, deep winter<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7uX93PUwub-PKdP87c1VwvHZLIjbzsoIn1pi-Z2LcUftWfRzGERMEgoXUYQYP1OqMbxz11CqRVhJUHWcHhyphenhyphenZX8plihqWLjGbJWFHV2jLokUZYnC1LU4MdlCAT9FGg2vCUmKlLr5q-Pm-c/s800/IMG_8475.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7uX93PUwub-PKdP87c1VwvHZLIjbzsoIn1pi-Z2LcUftWfRzGERMEgoXUYQYP1OqMbxz11CqRVhJUHWcHhyphenhyphenZX8plihqWLjGbJWFHV2jLokUZYnC1LU4MdlCAT9FGg2vCUmKlLr5q-Pm-c/s800/IMG_8475.JPG" /></a></div>
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This has been quite the winter. Endless snow, which seems to always fall most heavily at the beginning of the month when we are trying to get out for our monthly camera checks, have hampered our best intentions. This latest cycle of high avalanche danger has made getting out near impossible as we value our lives. On top of the weather, we have had some interesting set backs including a flat tire, a wheel rolling of the trailer, a blown snowmobile cylinder, my getting the truck stuck in deep snow in the snowpark; erratic, old snowmachines, what else? I can't remember but I know there was more.</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9064780264796546019.post-7657578831835285342017-02-02T20:50:00.001-08:002017-02-02T20:50:14.951-08:00Video of a black-phase Cascade red fox<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Thanks to Doug Carlton for capturing this black-phase Cascade red fox at Crystal Mountain Resort and telling us about it. This is individual is likely one of the foxes that was photographed this summer near a den we were monitoring in the area.</div>
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<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dyT80ywci49KaAeZueTyoh_cYq_HyERzPJ4pg7UpHxMoqcs_x9rA6d3MKx1PJKM_k44kfgV3CqbpQMCISwuzw' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>
(c) Doug Carlton<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkayevvjvyDz6d8Lg8yVZuQyf2U8NU9xf_61T1uHRKcKNhsmBbSuMgDkC_1gQsComFuHgVLGp70yCxoJ-ws3OhulpiOL7Etfa4xTRm9Idwd_UMawFEHihpDSfOJ1XRlkoMOUKuBfkQfsc1/s800/07_02_16+east.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkayevvjvyDz6d8Lg8yVZuQyf2U8NU9xf_61T1uHRKcKNhsmBbSuMgDkC_1gQsComFuHgVLGp70yCxoJ-ws3OhulpiOL7Etfa4xTRm9Idwd_UMawFEHihpDSfOJ1XRlkoMOUKuBfkQfsc1/s800/07_02_16+east.jpg" /></a></div>
Two young foxes (likely yearlings) photographed last summer in the same area (c) Anthony Carado<br />
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<span style="text-align: center;">Let us know if you have seen a fox in the Cascades.</span></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9064780264796546019.post-67486721649443436472017-01-27T14:20:00.000-08:002017-01-27T14:20:49.256-08:00Winter Cascade red fox and wolverine surveys commenceWe began Year 2 of our Winter Rare Carnivore Project collaboration with the USFS Naches Ranger District in November 2016 and results are coming in.<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgIYopd9oUnEoCzFwPGuAljB_YUEU19F_keHKWHJmPJExY_rsOr7dUA0FTQAXa8UJGbagYby9mmhPPwgVPZjjjxYTvsJNr6DEkhTuCT0IRfOCm0hUXAveOoALFDIOKetippLHe2gUIvu2M/s800/20170119_115034.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgIYopd9oUnEoCzFwPGuAljB_YUEU19F_keHKWHJmPJExY_rsOr7dUA0FTQAXa8UJGbagYby9mmhPPwgVPZjjjxYTvsJNr6DEkhTuCT0IRfOCm0hUXAveOoALFDIOKetippLHe2gUIvu2M/s800/20170119_115034.jpg" /></a><br />
Looking down into drainage.<br />
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Classic, subalpine, ridge-line Cascade red fox habitat.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh97xpegAn0TMJPN8uUdqlXfJwIXuMQPLTyxhLRpNyfkHaeHUMGj5fj5vFB1iQ65IgOxyDPvkAvQbS7bAw5cvOmHrpLQYJWLaucDdfeazekqdELugSjFFbBNSCQ8waHCK5OlNkRpIGCT8Ur/s800/20170119_141335.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh97xpegAn0TMJPN8uUdqlXfJwIXuMQPLTyxhLRpNyfkHaeHUMGj5fj5vFB1iQ65IgOxyDPvkAvQbS7bAw5cvOmHrpLQYJWLaucDdfeazekqdELugSjFFbBNSCQ8waHCK5OlNkRpIGCT8Ur/s800/20170119_141335.jpg" /></a><br />
Veronica and Cascade red fox tracks near one of our stations.Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9064780264796546019.post-72376391051184361822017-01-10T16:21:00.002-08:002017-01-10T16:40:53.312-08:00Fishers in Washington<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="background-color: black; color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; text-indent: 36pt;">December was an exciting month for the Pacific Fisher in Washington! On December 2nd, as part of Washington State's Fisher Recovery Plan, ten fishers from British Columbia were released into Mt. Rainier National Park. Releases continued in Gifford Pinchot National Forest on December 10th, with more releases occurring in both areas throughout the rest of the month </span></div>
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<span style="background-color: black; color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Having been essentially extirpated in Washington around the 1930's from extensive trapping and habitat loss, the fisher was determined as endangered in the state in 1998. From there, a statewide reintroduction effort was devised, kicking off with the release of 90 fishers throughout the Olympic Peninsula between 2008 and 2011. While these fishers were continuing to be monitored, reintroductions began in Washington's Southern Cascades last year, with the release of 23 total animals, in the Gifford Pinchot National Forest. Of these 23, fisher M007 has drawn the attention of locals within the Naches Ranger District. This March, M007 was caught on a Conservation Northwest Citizen Monitoring camera, roughly 50 miles Northwest of the release site. You can read more about his detection here: </span></div>
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<b style="text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="background-color: black; color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=http://www.conservationnw.org/news/scat/fisher-photographed-through-wildlife-monitoring-project&source=gmail&ust=1484178708774000&usg=AFQjCNEwbQKd6mLJOJC13XX0Uex_eIda8A" href="http://www.conservationnw.org/news/scat/fisher-photographed-through-wildlife-monitoring-project" style="text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"><span style="text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">http://www.conservationnw.org/<wbr></wbr>news/scat/fisher-photographed-<wbr></wbr>through-wildlife-monitoring-<wbr></wbr>project</span></a><span style="vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></span></b></div>
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<span style="background-color: black; color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">In mid-December, M007 was seen by a local cabin resident roughly 20 miles South of his previously photographed location and then spotted on a separate occasion in a nearby drainage less than two weeks later. </span></div>
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<span style="background-color: black; color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Check out this short video of M007 captured by Christina Eglin!</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: black; font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Throughout this winter, releases will continue in Mount Rainier National Park and Gifford Pinchot National Forest until a total of 80 individuals have set out into the Southern Cascades. In the winters following the Southern releases, a final reintroduction effort will begin in the North Cascades area with another 80 animals. Recovering a healthy fisher population in Washington may be slow as the new fishers adjust to challenges like habitat fragmentation, but the effort and support going into their reintroduction is very exciting! As low to mid elevation carnivores, we don't expect to detect fishers on our camera traps primarily set for high elevation carnivores, yet it is not out of the realm of possibilities and we'll be keeping an eye out for their sign! </span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">You can stay updated on the reintroduced fishers on WDFW's page: </span><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif; font-size: small;"><a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=http://wdfw.wa.gov/conservation/fisher/updates_cascade.html&source=gmail&ust=1484178708774000&usg=AFQjCNGhfuVQey0cqJXYxTVGE4ZklOt-BQ" href="http://wdfw.wa.gov/conservation/fisher/updates_cascade.html" style="text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"><span style="text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">http://wdfw.wa.gov/<wbr></wbr>conservation/fisher/updates_<wbr></wbr>cascade.html</span></a></b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><b style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><br /></b></span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15723162002690504291noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9064780264796546019.post-44548284103489442872016-12-24T20:19:00.000-08:002016-12-24T20:38:23.147-08:00Observing group behavior in Cascade Red Foxes While monitoring the Crystal Mountain area last winter, we were lucky enough to observe 5-6 Cascade red foxes occupying overlapping home ranges. We believe that this fox group is composed of a mother with 2 pups, 2 yearling foxes, and perhaps the father. With lowland foxes, where more is known, it is not uncommon for young from a previous breeding season to continue sharing an area with their parent, where they act as support for pup rearing and security for the den and range. Much about the behavior of montane red foxes, though, is unknown because of the little research that has been conducted on these subspecies. For example, there have only been a handful of mountain red fox dens documented throughout the world, but since the start of this project we have found four of them! Considering that mountain foxes have evolved separately from lowland foxes for the past 300,000 years leading them to possess unique habitats and diets, we do not yet know how their behaviors compare and differ. Each Cascade red fox behavior we observe contributes to the little knowledge base on mountain foxes and is hugely exciting for us!<br />
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This upcoming season we will return to the Crystal Mountain area to continue monitoring its local foxes and their dynamics. </div>
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(c) Anthony Carado</div>
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(c) Anthony Carado<br />
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(c) Anthony Carado<br />
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Complementary to our observations of the family group occupying the Crystal Mountain area, within the Naches Ranger District we monitored a breeding pair that frequented three camera stations from early March to the camera takedowns in late August. In mid August, we detected an additional fox, believed to be a yearling, at two of those camera stations and within the assumed home range of the breeding pair. It's possible that this fox is participating in the same group behavior as the Crystal foxes. Soon we will return to the area to reset cameras, following up on its locals. Below is a video of the Naches pair and a detection of the young fox.<br />
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<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15723162002690504291noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9064780264796546019.post-79046766990243703142016-10-14T11:48:00.000-07:002016-12-24T20:28:26.673-08:00Crystal Mountain Fox Den <div style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px;">
<span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12.8px;">We have had a successful season monitoring the foxes around the Crystal Mountain area! Not only were we able to observe 4-5 local foxes, we have additionally been monitoring a den system in the area. One of our remote cameras, situated at a den entrance, yielded exciting detections of a black-phase mother and two pups, up until July 31st when they abandoned the den. Instead of maintaining dens throughout the year, montane red foxes use dens primarily as a means for rearing kits, abandoning them once the young are more self-sufficient and returning to them or developing new systems with the return of mating season. </span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12.8px;">Shortly after becoming vacant, the den was briefly entered by an elusive mountain beaver. This lesser known rodent, weighing only a few pounds, is not closely related to the North American beaver, but is the sole living member of its biological family, Aplodontiidae. Primitive traits like inefficient kidney functions, early cranial-muscular features, and an inability to conserve body heat as effectively as other rodents, make the mountain beaver somewhat of a “living fossil.” The mountain beaver is believed to be in abundance in its Pacific Northwest range from British Columbia’s Cascades, to the Olympic and Coastal mountains of Washington and Oregon, and as far South as the Sierra Nevada mountains in Northern California, occurring as 7 different subspecies. Living most of its life underground in burrow systems similar to fox dens, this mountain beaver seemed to be investigating the new real estate. </span></span><br />
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15723162002690504291noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9064780264796546019.post-89284199473781552502016-07-18T14:09:00.001-07:002016-07-18T14:09:29.823-07:002nd wolverine detected is southern WashingtonFollowing up on some great detections of Cascade red foxes east of Mt Rainier from our collaboration the USFS Naches Ranger District, we were thrilled to also detect a wolverine. First on May 16, then again on May 24 and 28, a single individual visited two of our camera stations.<br />
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This is only our second wolverine in the eight years since the project's inception. There was a wolverine roaming an area comprising Mt Adams and the Goat Rocks Wilderness, which we detected on 12 occasions between 2009 and 2012. This wolverine was first detected on the east side of Mt Adams in 2006 when it was photographed by a remote camera of the Yakama Nation. We presume it was a lone, dispersing male, and that it may have died now, or perhaps moved on, which is less likely as it stuck around the study area for several years. There was a compelling anecdote that it had found a mate but no concrete evidence was collected.<span id="goog_970431422"></span><br />
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In the contiguous United States, the wolverine roams the high mountains of Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho; and west into Washington's North Cascades. Their status in southern Washington is somewhat murky. The population in the North Cascades has been moving southward, expanding geographically though probably not in abundance. But despite this expansion, they are very rarely detected south of Interstate 90. A wolverine photographed south of I90 near Manastash Ridge by a citizen's remote camera may be the same wolverine as the one we just detected east of Mt Rainier. The Manastash photograph does not show the unique markings of a wolverine, which are along the chest and under the chin, and neither do our photos provide great detail. We will continue monitoring for wolverines this coming winter and hope to shed more light on their presence and genetic origins in southern Washington.<br />
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<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9064780264796546019.post-53620148054169715802016-04-03T22:08:00.002-07:002016-04-03T22:08:49.247-07:00Mountain lion familyWe photographed a family of four mountain lions spending time at one of our remote camera station. The 3 juveniles would have been born in early spring 2015 so its a testament to their caring mother that these triplets have survived their first year. Mountain lions females typically give birth to two to three kittens.<br />
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To learn more about the life of a mountain lion family, check out this great video: <a href="https://vimeo.com/157288534" target="_blank">The Secret Life of Mountain Lions</a>. Wolverine researchers in Glacier National Park were surprised to see a wolverine male return to his kits in the autumn and spend time probably teaching them his survival skills, something rarely documented in other carnivore species. But this incredible mountain lion film shows that this same type of family bond may not be so rare.Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9064780264796546019.post-82012729396859042202016-03-12T10:42:00.001-08:002016-03-12T10:46:11.559-08:00The Mazamas article: Cascade red foxes and the project in the news.I wrote about my doctoral research and work on the Cascades Carnivore Project for <span style="font-size: large;"><a href="http://mazamas.blogspot.com/2016/03/by-jocelyn-akins-ph.html" target="_blank">The Mazamas magazine</a><span id="goog_1840392692"></span><span id="goog_1840392693"></span><a href="https://www.blogger.com/"></a>.</span><br />
Contact us if you are interested in hiking and collecting rare carnivore scats this summer. We are looking for dedicated volunteers for our citizen science team.<br />
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(c) Logan Volkmann<br />
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(c) Anthony Carado<br />
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(c) Anthony Carado<br />
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(c) Bob RaeUnknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9064780264796546019.post-42181238880288181392016-02-11T12:14:00.004-08:002016-02-11T12:14:59.795-08:00Black-phase mountain red fox visits our station on the south side of Mt Adams<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
As some of you will remember, this station was originally set by Cascade Mountain Schools students in August. Long-time CCP friend and volunteer, Erin Burke and I headed up to take down the camera last week with my son, Luca (age almost 1). We both dusted the cobwebs off our snowmobiling skills while Luca slept on my back.<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-vTJ5k33b0xdF44svO0RDQZe3Blx8vBVJZynf-YCgPL2Q-rwkmJyIim25KwN29UrP4PDzjTkHIreZIutQh6rr_tdiCVOFl_LjfVPzDPou3xbHoddA-WO5HtawPAFI3yiYh5mSOKs_Eb5L/s800/20151109+MA83+IMG_0096+VUVU+best.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-vTJ5k33b0xdF44svO0RDQZe3Blx8vBVJZynf-YCgPL2Q-rwkmJyIim25KwN29UrP4PDzjTkHIreZIutQh6rr_tdiCVOFl_LjfVPzDPou3xbHoddA-WO5HtawPAFI3yiYh5mSOKs_Eb5L/s800/20151109+MA83+IMG_0096+VUVU+best.JPG" /></a></div>
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Cascade Mountain School teamUnknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9064780264796546019.post-15965335045696418652016-01-19T11:57:00.002-08:002016-01-19T11:57:20.310-08:00Cascade red fox track in the snow at Mt Rainier<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrnoXtuMsazJMOqhhiTNQYFsCv5UwHAE8NXylaMlUBNtADKHVD369xX1NIQwtLjaqaqU7QJlupmyJ29DmKWC5nQ_TBDPOFJc7fNwn2c3QPWk56apSxvQSdrFFzCVumK-Uj5pmuqvHY4m6A/s1600/RedsTraxIRdenZoom.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrnoXtuMsazJMOqhhiTNQYFsCv5UwHAE8NXylaMlUBNtADKHVD369xX1NIQwtLjaqaqU7QJlupmyJ29DmKWC5nQ_TBDPOFJc7fNwn2c3QPWk56apSxvQSdrFFzCVumK-Uj5pmuqvHY4m6A/s320/RedsTraxIRdenZoom.jpg" width="267" /></a><br />
Often it is difficult to distinguish red fox from coyote tracks, especially when tracking conditions are poor. This track was laid down by a Cascade red fox at Mt Rainier as I visited her den.Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9064780264796546019.post-2744490646958405712015-11-06T17:03:00.000-08:002015-11-06T17:03:06.148-08:00Littlest field assistant for Cascade red fox monitoring<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-OFYHRkvvc4CiPx2mn2LgrELIqEDQs3qIXUL8I-j01VSEOGRz8U7jb-0CvygjedHVqH0qZsJ3spQZD_qUU8uf46BInGBY5kkW4UEwHgWtsV9qRf6Uk5M-XKe0g0XvK0l16J5YUhFbNcxR/s800/IMG_4876.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-OFYHRkvvc4CiPx2mn2LgrELIqEDQs3qIXUL8I-j01VSEOGRz8U7jb-0CvygjedHVqH0qZsJ3spQZD_qUU8uf46BInGBY5kkW4UEwHgWtsV9qRf6Uk5M-XKe0g0XvK0l16J5YUhFbNcxR/s800/IMG_4876.jpg" /></a>My 8-month old son Luca.</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9064780264796546019.post-81346121667613697352015-11-04T17:01:00.001-08:002015-11-05T11:53:25.860-08:00New photos from Mt Adams<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
A couple of mystery carnivore photos below and a little fawn and its momma at the bottom. Send us your best guesses: cascadescarnivore@gmail.com<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjauQ30ayK4AdAyeX_lh875AC8w75krZqay0p0uvg8GaMu3NOs3US2x4FfbJZn5cZWwfCaHXdqpzWicZ6VfnOl7aPiZDqBdOsgb8LkBHxO5RIeoxPzYpvG5RHKpgUqbFfSzxIdIxGvEV9zg/s800/IMG_0026+MAAM.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjauQ30ayK4AdAyeX_lh875AC8w75krZqay0p0uvg8GaMu3NOs3US2x4FfbJZn5cZWwfCaHXdqpzWicZ6VfnOl7aPiZDqBdOsgb8LkBHxO5RIeoxPzYpvG5RHKpgUqbFfSzxIdIxGvEV9zg/s800/IMG_0026+MAAM.JPG" /></a></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9064780264796546019.post-70015112339966334092015-10-19T14:54:00.000-07:002015-10-20T11:17:33.501-07:00What does marten scat look like?We have partnered with Friends of the Central Cascades Wilderness in an effort to survey for the Sierra Nevada red fox on the Deschutes National Forest.<br />
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Guest post by Todd West, Friends of the Central Cascades Wilderness.<br />
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American martens (<em>Martes americana</em>) share habitat with montane red foxes (<em>Vulpes vulpes </em><em>cascadensis</em><em>, V. v. </em><em>necator</em>) and coyotes (<em>Canis latrans</em>), and their scats are often encountered along trails when we look for fox sign. As the smallest of these three carnivores, their scats are also the smallest, typically 1/4 of an inch in diameter or a little bigger (5-8mm) and two to four inches long (5-10 cm). Practice is needed to consistently distinguish them. Often bent or curled up, marten scats are dark in color, often dark green, and commonly exhibit a plated look from curls of hair within the scat. Over time, digested material will erode away from the scats, leaving bundles of curled hair. Larger marten scats occasional exceed 3/8 of an inch diameter (10 mm) and five inches length (13 cm), approaching the size of red fox scats. However, they can be distinguished from fox scats by their twisty ends and tighter plating compared to the tubular look of fox scats.<br />
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Here are a few photos of individual marten scats which have been identify by DNA sequencing.<br />
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Hair bundles from several older marten scats appear in the photo below. This sample was also mtDNA confirmed.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghR0mOMFRKCuPx3BJxeFe8W8SBQsLq9AkM9Mk1T8oN_87POZRPQcO83xTYvN5NmfIkJTXTZOGtyMPEbZx3h1NicduDAU3nXvO99dDEHUKsp36YfumJ3AyKV-sir52Jc1cp3sn1Opmbhg/s800/20120913KBS09+MAAM.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghR0mOMFRKCuPx3BJxeFe8W8SBQsLq9AkM9Mk1T8oN_87POZRPQcO83xTYvN5NmfIkJTXTZOGtyMPEbZx3h1NicduDAU3nXvO99dDEHUKsp36YfumJ3AyKV-sir52Jc1cp3sn1Opmbhg/s800/20120913KBS09+MAAM.JPG" /></a></div>
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The remainder of the photos below are of scats which have been visually identified as marten but not mtDNA sequenced. As above, a variety of size, shape, and dryness is shown.</div>
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When berries are available scats shift color and consistency. This marten had apparently been consuming ripe huckleberries in the Mount Washington Wilderness.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1Jf_08GYSwQVQ1bJiMwa-W1nQ6-RVu1qoY1d2dMk1lkjJxMmm_lymH0x7x9A3frNu0m8oinlqi6B18Oak4cM5fMdHAmuayRGH283t871niexmdpVqGYacf2dQg1AFHrNUXwqdb_uE1Q/s800/20150711TWS03-web.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1Jf_08GYSwQVQ1bJiMwa-W1nQ6-RVu1qoY1d2dMk1lkjJxMmm_lymH0x7x9A3frNu0m8oinlqi6B18Oak4cM5fMdHAmuayRGH283t871niexmdpVqGYacf2dQg1AFHrNUXwqdb_uE1Q/s800/20150711TWS03-web.jpg" /></a></div>
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It is common to encounter multiple scats near each other. In this case an older marten scat appears at upper left with a fresher one at lower right.<br />
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As with other species, scats are typically left in the middle of the trail and less commonly along the sides. If a trail has prominences, such as rocks or roots, in its tread martens may preferred these locations for scats. The rock below provided a step in the middle of the trail with two fresher scats at left and an older, somewhat rain spread, scat at right.<br />
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Scat grouping also occurs across species. In the below example the small, fresher marten scat just above the GPS was laid next to a coyote scat (also visually identified and not DNA tested).<br />
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Marten scats may be left repeatedly in some areas, increasing the size of the group. The below image contains three or perhaps four scats of increasing age. Larger groups often have additional smaller groups nearby, with occasionally as many as 7 to 15 scats within a 20 foot radius (6 m).</div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9064780264796546019.post-13145077698075481322015-10-14T19:48:00.001-07:002015-10-14T19:48:44.910-07:00Distinct population segments and the Endangered Species ListThe distinct population segment (DPS) is conservation science jargon for a population that is unique and separate from the species as a whole. The term allows conservationists to propose putting <i>part of a species</i> on the Endangered Species List if the<i> species as a whole</i> is to not in danger of extinction. It is a way to preserve biodiversity within a species. The distinct population segment needs to be <b>discrete</b> and <b>significant</b> in order to merit inclusion on the Endangered Species List as an Endangered or Threatened Species. Individual critters or plants that make up a DPS need to be some how biologically unique from the rest of the species to be considered as such, maybe bigger or smaller, or they may eat different prey, or mate at a different time of year, or have genes that are totally distinct from the rest of the species. <br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5BvzEF3Mc-_wkMkizRkMCeEnCFKpmYopeFd6Oo5oPL2wRVgwbnPpaya9PE98Zx5Jvi-HvzCVTovE_nf8le4ZZ1BQeEayvRMzXTBk18Te4A3KeK6ynPNcyxD95bG0mU08aKIc8wlbYfBVy/s800/Sonora+Pass+Family+Backpack+7.07+101.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5BvzEF3Mc-_wkMkizRkMCeEnCFKpmYopeFd6Oo5oPL2wRVgwbnPpaya9PE98Zx5Jvi-HvzCVTovE_nf8le4ZZ1BQeEayvRMzXTBk18Te4A3KeK6ynPNcyxD95bG0mU08aKIc8wlbYfBVy/s800/Sonora+Pass+Family+Backpack+7.07+101.jpeg" /></a></div>
Sierra Nevada red fox near Sonora Pass, CA (c) 2007 D. Baxter<br />
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Last Thursday, the Federal Government published what is called their 12-month findings - the decisions on whether to include a whole host of species on the Endangered Species List. When individuals or organizations think a species is in need of protection and inclusion on the list, they may submit a proposal outlining their reasons and the government has 12-months to respond, weighing the data and opinions presented to them. They must decide whether to list the species as in danger of extinct (Endangered), threatened with Endangerment (Threatened), or not in need of protection. Up for consideration was the Sierra Nevada red fox (Vulpes vulpes necator). This closest relative of the Cascade red fox inhabits the mountains of the Sierra Nevada and the Cascades in Oregon and California (Mount Lassen but not Mount Shasta). Based on what is known about this group of mountain foxes, the Federal Government decided that this subspecies occurs as two DPS's (one if California and one in Oregon), that the California DPS warrants listing but the Oregon DPS does not because several recent detections have occurred in the state. Unfortunately the California DPS listing is Warranted But Precluded. More jargon, to mean that the populations in California are in desperate need of protection under the ESA, as they occur as two tiny populations of less than 45 individuals each, but the federal government is not willing to provide support to fund the steps necessary to bring the fox back from the brink.<br />
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This is all interesting news for one like myself who has a strong interest in the preservation of the Cascade red fox in Washington. From what the genetic and photographic data that I have collected on the Cascade red fox suggests, these critters occurs as several small populations in southern Washington and are very limited in distribution in the North Cascades. So the decisions made by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service vis a vis the Sierra Nevada red fox are telling for decisions made on behalf of the Cascade red fox. If I have learned anything from this ESA listing process, it is that data is power. Without explicit, compelling information, the government and perhaps the citizenry as well, are unlikely to react. It gives me motivation to continue the research we do on these little studied carnivores.Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0